Public and private expenditure on research and development

This indicator describes the share of public and private spending on research and development as a percentage of economic output (GDP).

It is an established and internationally comparable way of measuring an economy's ability to innovate.

The data source is the Federal Statistical Office, the Federal Ministry for Education and Research, and statistics provided by the Stifterverband.

Research and development spending as a percentage of GDP

Pub­lic and pri­vate ex­pen­di­ture on re­search and de­vel­op­ment